# IO::Zlib.pm
#
# Copyright (c) 1998-2004 Tom Hughes <[email protected]>.
# All rights reserved. This program is free software; you can redistribute
# it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.

package IO::Zlib;

$VERSION = "1.10";

=head1 NAME

IO::Zlib - IO:: style interface to L<Compress::Zlib>

=head1 SYNOPSIS

With any version of Perl 5 you can use the basic OO interface:

use IO::Zlib;

$fh = new IO::Zlib;
if ($fh->open("file.gz", "rb")) {
print <$fh>;
$fh->close;
}

$fh = IO::Zlib->new("file.gz", "wb9");
if (defined $fh) {
print $fh "bar\n";
$fh->close;
}

$fh = IO::Zlib->new("file.gz", "rb");
if (defined $fh) {
print <$fh>;
undef $fh; # automatically closes the file
}

With Perl 5.004 you can also use the TIEHANDLE interface to access
compressed files just like ordinary files:

use IO::Zlib;

tie *FILE, 'IO::Zlib', "file.gz", "wb";
print FILE "line 1\nline2\n";

tie *FILE, 'IO::Zlib', "file.gz", "rb";
while (<FILE>) { print "LINE: ", $_ };

=head1 DESCRIPTION

C<IO::Zlib> provides an IO:: style interface to L<Compress::Zlib> and
hence to gzip/zlib compressed files. It provides many of the same methods
as the L<IO::Handle> interface.

Starting from IO::Zlib version 1.02, IO::Zlib can also use an
external F<gzip> command. The default behaviour is to try to use
an external F<gzip> if no C<Compress::Zlib> can be loaded, unless
explicitly disabled by

use IO::Zlib qw(:gzip_external 0);

If explicitly enabled by

use IO::Zlib qw(:gzip_external 1);

then the external F<gzip> is used B<instead> of C<Compress::Zlib>.

=head1 CONSTRUCTOR

=over 4

=item new ( [ARGS] )

Creates an C<IO::Zlib> object. If it receives any parameters, they are
passed to the method C<open>; if the open fails, the object is destroyed.
Otherwise, it is returned to the caller.

=back

=head1 OBJECT METHODS

=over 4

=item open ( FILENAME, MODE )

C<open> takes two arguments. The first is the name of the file to open
and the second is the open mode. The mode can be anything acceptable to
L<Compress::Zlib> and by extension anything acceptable to I<zlib> (that
basically means POSIX fopen() style mode strings plus an optional number
to indicate the compression level).

=item opened

Returns true if the object currently refers to a opened file.

=item close

Close the file associated with the object and disassociate
the file from the handle.
Done automatically on destroy.

=item getc

Return the next character from the file, or undef if none remain.

=item getline

Return the next line from the file, or undef on end of string.
Can safely be called in an array context.
Currently ignores $/ ($INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR or $RS when L<English>
is in use) and treats lines as delimited by "\n".

=item getlines

Get all remaining lines from the file.
It will croak() if accidentally called in a scalar context.

=item print ( ARGS... )

Print ARGS to the file.

=item read ( BUF, NBYTES, [OFFSET] )

Read some bytes from the file.
Returns the number of bytes actually read, 0 on end-of-file, undef on error.

=item eof

Returns true if the handle is currently positioned at end of file?

=item seek ( OFFSET, WHENCE )

Seek to a given position in the stream.
Not yet supported.

=item tell

Return the current position in the stream, as a numeric offset.
Not yet supported.

=item setpos ( POS )

Set the current position, using the opaque value returned by C<getpos()>.
Not yet supported.

=item getpos ( POS )

Return the current position in the string, as an opaque object.
Not yet supported.

=back

=head1 USING THE EXTERNAL GZIP

If the external F<gzip> is used, the following C<open>s are used:

open(FH, "gzip -dc $filename |") # for read opens
open(FH, " | gzip > $filename") # for write opens

You can modify the 'commands' for example to hardwire
an absolute path by e.g.

use IO::Zlib ':gzip_read_open' => '/some/where/gunzip -c %s |';
use IO::Zlib ':gzip_write_open' => '| /some/where/gzip.exe > %s';

The C<%s> is expanded to be the filename (C<sprintf> is used, so be
careful to escape any other C<%> signs). The 'commands' are checked
for sanity - they must contain the C<%s>, and the read open must end
with the pipe sign, and the write open must begin with the pipe sign.

=head1 CLASS METHODS

=over 4

=item has_Compress_Zlib

Returns true if C<Compress::Zlib> is available. Note that this does
not mean that C<Compress::Zlib> is being used: see L</gzip_external>
and L<gzip_used>.

=item gzip_external

Undef if an external F<gzip> B<can> be used if C<Compress::Zlib> is
not available (see L</has_Compress_Zlib>), true if an external F<gzip>
is explicitly used, false if an external F<gzip> must not be used.
See L</gzip_used>.

=item gzip_used

True if an external F<gzip> is being used, false if not.

=item gzip_read_open

Return the 'command' being used for opening a file for reading using an
external F<gzip>.

=item gzip_write_open

Return the 'command' being used for opening a file for writing using an
external F<gzip>.

=back

=head1 DIAGNOSTICS

=over 4

=item IO::Zlib::getlines: must be called in list context

If you want read lines, you must read in list context.

=item IO::Zlib::gzopen_external: mode '...' is illegal

Use only modes 'rb' or 'wb' or /wb[1-9]/.

=item IO::Zlib::import: '...' is illegal

The known import symbols are the C<:gzip_external>, C<:gzip_read_open>,
and C<:gzip_write_open>. Anything else is not recognized.

=item IO::Zlib::import: ':gzip_external' requires an argument

The C<:gzip_external> requires one boolean argument.

=item IO::Zlib::import: 'gzip_read_open' requires an argument

The C<:gzip_external> requires one string argument.

=item IO::Zlib::import: 'gzip_read' '...' is illegal

The C<:gzip_read_open> argument must end with the pipe sign (|)
and have the C<%s> for the filename. See L</"USING THE EXTERNAL GZIP">.

=item IO::Zlib::import: 'gzip_write_open' requires an argument

The C<:gzip_external> requires one string argument.

=item IO::Zlib::import: 'gzip_write_open' '...' is illegal

The C<:gzip_write_open> argument must begin with the pipe sign (|)
and have the C<%s> for the filename. An output redirect (>) is also
often a good idea, depending on your operating system shell syntax.
See L</"USING THE EXTERNAL GZIP">.

=item IO::Zlib::import: no Compress::Zlib and no external gzip

Given that we failed to load C<Compress::Zlib> and that the use of
an external F<gzip> was disabled, IO::Zlib has not much chance of working.

=item IO::Zlib::open: needs a filename

No filename, no open.

=item IO::Zlib::READ: NBYTES must be specified

We must know how much to read.

=item IO::Zlib::WRITE: too long LENGTH

The LENGTH must be less than or equal to the buffer size.

=back

=head1 SEE ALSO

L<perlfunc>,
L<perlop/"I/O Operators">,
L<IO::Handle>,
L<Compress::Zlib>

=head1 HISTORY

Created by Tom Hughes E<lt>F<[email protected]>E<gt>.

Support for external gzip added by Jarkko Hietaniemi E<lt>F<[email protected]>E<gt>.

=head1 COPYRIGHT

Copyright (c) 1998-2004 Tom Hughes E<lt>F<[email protected]>E<gt>.
All rights reserved. This program is free software; you can redistribute
it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.

=cut

require 5.006;

use strict;
use vars qw($VERSION $AUTOLOAD @ISA);

use Carp;
use Fcntl qw(SEEK_SET);

my $has_Compress_Zlib;
my $aliased;

sub has_Compress_Zlib {
$has_Compress_Zlib;
}

BEGIN {
eval { require Compress::Zlib };
$has_Compress_Zlib = $@ || $Compress::Zlib::VERSION < 2.000 ? 0 : 1;
}

use Symbol;
use Tie::Handle;

# These might use some $^O logic.
my $gzip_read_open = "gzip -dc %s |";
my $gzip_write_open = "| gzip > %s";

my $gzip_external;
my $gzip_used;

sub gzip_read_open {
$gzip_read_open;
}

sub gzip_write_open {
$gzip_write_open;
}

sub gzip_external {
$gzip_external;
}

sub gzip_used {
$gzip_used;
}

sub can_gunzip {
$has_Compress_Zlib || $gzip_external;
}

sub _import {
my $import = shift;
while (@_) {
if ($_[0] eq ':gzip_external') {
shift;
if (@_) {
$gzip_external = shift;
} else {
croak "$import: ':gzip_external' requires an argument";
}
}
elsif ($_[0] eq ':gzip_read_open') {
shift;
if (@_) {
$gzip_read_open = shift;
croak "$import: ':gzip_read_open' '$gzip_read_open' is illegal"
unless $gzip_read_open =~ /^.+%s.+\|\s*$/;
} else {
croak "$import: ':gzip_read_open' requires an argument";
}
}
elsif ($_[0] eq ':gzip_write_open') {
shift;
if (@_) {
$gzip_write_open = shift;
croak "$import: ':gzip_write_open' '$gzip_read_open' is illegal"
unless $gzip_write_open =~ /^\s*\|.+%s.*$/;
} else {
croak "$import: ':gzip_write_open' requires an argument";
}
}
else {
last;
}
}
return @_;
}

sub _alias {
my $import = shift;
if ((!$has_Compress_Zlib && !defined $gzip_external) || $gzip_external) {
# The undef *gzopen is really needed only during
# testing where we eval several 'use IO::Zlib's.
undef *gzopen;
*gzopen = \&gzopen_external;
*IO::Handle::gzread = \&gzread_external;
*IO::Handle::gzwrite = \&gzwrite_external;
*IO::Handle::gzreadline = \&gzreadline_external;
*IO::Handle::gzeof = \&gzeof_external;
*IO::Handle::gzclose = \&gzclose_external;
$gzip_used = 1;
} else {
croak "$import: no Compress::Zlib and no external gzip"
unless $has_Compress_Zlib;
*gzopen = \&Compress::Zlib::gzopen;
*gzread = \&Compress::Zlib::gzread;
*gzwrite = \&Compress::Zlib::gzwrite;
*gzreadline = \&Compress::Zlib::gzreadline;
*gzeof = \&Compress::Zlib::gzeof;
}
$aliased = 1;
}

sub import {
shift;
my $import = "IO::Zlib::import";
if (@_) {
if (_import($import, @_)) {
croak "$import: '@_' is illegal";
}
}
_alias($import);
}

@ISA = qw(Tie::Handle);

sub TIEHANDLE
{
my $class = shift;
my @args = @_;

my $self = bless {}, $class;

return @args ? $self->OPEN(@args) : $self;
}

sub DESTROY
{
}

sub OPEN
{
my $self = shift;
my $filename = shift;
my $mode = shift;

croak "IO::Zlib::open: needs a filename" unless defined($filename);

$self->{'file'} = gzopen($filename,$mode);

return defined($self->{'file'}) ? $self : undef;
}

sub CLOSE
{
my $self = shift;

return undef unless defined($self->{'file'});

my $status = $self->{'file'}->gzclose();

delete $self->{'file'};

return ($status == 0) ? 1 : undef;
}

sub READ
{
my $self = shift;
my $bufref = \$_[0];
my $nbytes = $_[1];
my $offset = $_[2] || 0;

croak "IO::Zlib::READ: NBYTES must be specified" unless defined($nbytes);

$$bufref = "" unless defined($$bufref);

my $bytesread = $self->{'file'}->gzread(substr($$bufref,$offset),$nbytes);

return undef if $bytesread < 0;

return $bytesread;
}

sub READLINE
{
my $self = shift;

my $line;

return () if $self->{'file'}->gzreadline($line) <= 0;

return $line unless wantarray;

my @lines = $line;

while ($self->{'file'}->gzreadline($line) > 0)
{
push @lines, $line;
}

return @lines;
}

sub WRITE
{
my $self = shift;
my $buf = shift;
my $length = shift;
my $offset = shift;

croak "IO::Zlib::WRITE: too long LENGTH" unless $offset + $length <= length($buf);

return $self->{'file'}->gzwrite(substr($buf,$offset,$length));
}

sub EOF
{
my $self = shift;

return $self->{'file'}->gzeof();
}

sub FILENO
{
return undef;
}

sub new
{
my $class = shift;
my @args = @_;

_alias("new", @_) unless $aliased; # Some call new IO::Zlib directly...

my $self = gensym();

tie *{$self}, $class, @args;

return tied(${$self}) ? bless $self, $class : undef;
}

sub getline
{
my $self = shift;

return scalar tied(*{$self})->READLINE();
}

sub getlines
{
my $self = shift;

croak "IO::Zlib::getlines: must be called in list context"
unless wantarray;

return tied(*{$self})->READLINE();
}

sub opened
{
my $self = shift;

return defined tied(*{$self})->{'file'};
}

sub AUTOLOAD
{
my $self = shift;

$AUTOLOAD =~ s/.*:://;
$AUTOLOAD =~ tr/a-z/A-Z/;

return tied(*{$self})->$AUTOLOAD(@_);
}

sub gzopen_external {
my ($filename, $mode) = @_;
require IO::Handle;
my $fh = IO::Handle->new();
if ($mode =~ /r/) {
# Because someone will try to read ungzipped files
# with this we peek and verify the signature. Yes,
# this means that we open the file twice (if it is
# gzipped).
# Plenty of race conditions exist in this code, but
# the alternative would be to capture the stderr of
# gzip and parse it, which would be a portability nightmare.
if (-e $filename && open($fh, $filename)) {
binmode $fh;
my $sig;
my $rdb = read($fh, $sig, 2);
if ($rdb == 2 && $sig eq "\x1F\x8B") {
my $ropen = sprintf $gzip_read_open, $filename;
if (open($fh, $ropen)) {
binmode $fh;
return $fh;
} else {
return undef;
}
}
seek($fh, 0, SEEK_SET) or
die "IO::Zlib: open('$filename', 'r'): seek: $!";
return $fh;
} else {
return undef;
}
} elsif ($mode =~ /w/) {
my $level = '';
$level = "-$1" if $mode =~ /([1-9])/;
# To maximize portability we would need to open
# two filehandles here, one for "| gzip $level"
# and another for "> $filename", and then when
# writing copy bytes from the first to the second.
# We are using IO::Handle objects for now, however,
# and they can only contain one stream at a time.
my $wopen = sprintf $gzip_write_open, $filename;
if (open($fh, $wopen)) {
$fh->autoflush(1);
binmode $fh;
return $fh;
} else {
return undef;
}
} else {
croak "IO::Zlib::gzopen_external: mode '$mode' is illegal";
}
return undef;
}

sub gzread_external {
# Use read() instead of syswrite() because people may
# mix reads and readlines, and we don't want to mess
# the stdio buffering. See also gzreadline_external()
# and gzwrite_external().
my $nread = read($_[0], $_[1], @_ == 3 ? $_[2] : 4096);
defined $nread ? $nread : -1;
}

sub gzwrite_external {
# Using syswrite() is okay (cf. gzread_external())
# since the bytes leave this process and buffering
# is therefore not an issue.
my $nwrote = syswrite($_[0], $_[1]);
defined $nwrote ? $nwrote : -1;
}

sub gzreadline_external {
# See the comment in gzread_external().
$_[1] = readline($_[0]);
return defined $_[1] ? length($_[1]) : -1;
}

sub gzeof_external {
return eof($_[0]);
}

sub gzclose_external {
close($_[0]);
# I am not entirely certain why this is needed but it seems
# the above close() always fails (as if the stream would have
# been already closed - something to do with using external
# processes via pipes?)
return 0;
}

1;